Moran’s I and Geary’s C: investigation of the effects of spatial weight matrices for assessing the distribution of infectious diseases

Sarah Isnan; Ahmad Fikri bin Abdullah; Abdul Rashid Shariff; Iskandar Ishak; Sharifah Norkhadijah Syed Ismail; Maheshwara Rao Appanan; Jihong Zhang; Guohua Yin; Qiuhua Zhang; Juan Fang; Duo Jiang; Chao Yang; Na Sun; Alireza Mohammadi; Bardia Mashhoodi; Ali Shamsoddini; Elahe Pishgar; Robert Bergquist; Wentao Yang; Fengjie Wang; Yihan You; Zhixiong Fang; Xing Wang; Xiaoming Mei; Sang Min Lee; Dong Woo Huh; Young Gyu Kwon; Peter Nezval; Takeshi Shirabe; Jonas Schoo; Frank Schüssler; Mai Liu; Yin Zhang; Enríque Ibarra-Zapata; Darío Gaytán-Hernández; Yolanda Terán-Figueroa; Verónica Gallegos-García; Carmen del Pilar Suárez-Rodríguez; Sergio Zarazúa Guzmán; Omar Parra Rodríguez; Worrayot Darasawang; Wongsa Laohasiriwong; Kittipong Sornlorm; Warangkana Sungsitthisawad; Roshan Kumar Mahato; Mintesnot Tenkir Teni; Travis Loux; Ness Sandoval; Anne Sebert Kuhlmann; Iuria Betco; Ana Isabel Ribeiro; David S. Vale; Luis Encalada-Abarca; Cláudia M. Viana; Jorge Rocha; Adel Al-Huraibi; Sherif Amer; Justine Blanford; Néstor DelaPaz-Ruíz; Ellen-Wien Augustijn; Mahdi Farnaghi; Sheheen A. Abdulkareem; Raul Zurita Milla

doi:10.4081/gh.2025.1277

All Items

Geospatial Health is the Journal of the GIS Laboratory at the Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, Regional Center for Monitoring Parasitic Infections (CREMOPAR), University of Naples Federico II (https://www.mvpa-unina.org).

Geospatial Health is also the official journal of the International Society of Geospatial Health (www.GnosisGIS.org). The focus of the journal is on all aspects of the application of geographical information systems, remote sensing, global positioning systems, spatial statistics and other geospatial tools in human and veterinary health. The journal publishes two issues per year.

Early Access

Where to place emergency ambulance vehicles: use of a capacitated maximum covering location model with real call data

Soheil Hashtarkhani, Stephen A. Matthews, Ping Yin, Alireza Mohammadi, Shahab Mohammad Ebrahimi, Mahmood Tara, Behzad Kiani

https://doi.org/10.4081/gh.2023.1198

2340

PDF: 646

Supplementary Materials: 110

HTML: 75

Typhoid fever in Jakarta, Indonesia 2017-2023: spatial clustering and seasonality of hospitalization data to inform better intervention

Mujiyanto Mujiyanto, Basuki Rachmat, Aris Yulianto, Made Agus Nurjana, Wawan Ridwan, Endang Puji Astuti, Doni Lasut, Pandji Wibawa Dhewantara

https://doi.org/10.4081/gh.2025.1372

713

PDF: 216

HTML: 70

The spatial distribution of interleukin-4 (IL-4) reference values in China based on a back propagation (BP) neural network

Zhao Rong Huang, Miao Ge, Xin Rui Pang, Pu Song, Congxia Wang

https://doi.org/10.4081/gh.2023.1197

1018

PDF: 404

HTML: 14

The impact of COVID-19 on healthcare coverage and access in racial and ethnic minority populations in the United States

Lauren Freelander, David S. Rickless, Corey Anderson, Frank Curriero, Sarah Rockhill, Amir Mirsajedin, Caleb J. Colón, Jasmine Lusane, Alexander Vigo-Valentín, David Wong

https://doi.org/10.4081/gh.2023.1222

3030

PDF: 895

HTML: 58

The future of spatial epidemiology in the AI era: enhancing machine learning approaches with explicit spatial structure

Nima Kianfar, Benn Sartorius, Colleen L. Lau, Robert Bergquist, Behzad Kiani

https://doi.org/10.4081/gh.2025.1386

545

PDF: 134

HTML: 0

The future of general practitioner care in Lower Saxony, Germany: an analysis of actual vs target states using a GIS-based floating catchment area method

Jonas Schoo, Frank Schüssler

https://doi.org/10.4081/gh.2025.1339

1838

PDF: 502

HTML: 96

Spatiotemporal evolution characteristics and attribution analysis of hepatitis A in mainland China

Xiaodi Su, Chunxia Qiu, Chunhui Liu

https://doi.org/10.4081/gh.2024.1323

915

PDF: 244

HTML: 4

Spatiotemporal distribution and geostatistically interpolated mapping of the melioidosis risk in an endemic zone in Thailand

Jaruwan Wongbutdee, Jutharat Jittimanee, Wacharapong Saengnill

https://doi.org/10.4081/gh.2023.1189

1463

PDF: 725

HTML: 54

Spatio-temporal analysis of foot traffic dynamics in Charleston County, South Carolina: before, during, and after COVID-19

Wish Shao, Abolfazl Mollalo, Navid Hashemi Tonekaboni

https://doi.org/10.4081/gh.2025.1363

217

PDF: 68

HTML: 1

Spatial multilevel modelling male partners’ influence on women’s modern contraceptive use: a study in Angola and Zambia

Kabeya Clement Mulamba

https://doi.org/10.4081/gh.2025.1340

652

PDF: 138

HTML: 46

Spatial heterogeneity in relationship between district patterns of HIV incidence and covariates in Zimbabwe: a multi-scale geographically weighted regression analysis

Rutendo Birri Makota, Eustasius Musenge

https://doi.org/10.4081/gh.2023.1207

1249

PDF: 557

HTML: 42

Spatial comparison of London’s three waves of Spanish flu

Walter Peterson

https://doi.org/10.4081/gh.2023.1235

1111

PDF: 468

HTML: 305

Spatial autocorrelation pattern of COVID-19 vaccine coverage in Thailand 2021 and 2022

Sarayu Muntaphan, Kittipong Sornlorm

https://doi.org/10.4081/gh.2025.1368

644

PDF: 138

HTML: 42

Spatial association of socioeconomic and health service factors with antibiotic self-medication in Thailand

Worrayot Darasawang, Wongsa Laohasiriwong, Kittipong Sornlorm , Warangkana Sungsitthisawad, Roshan Kumar Mahato

https://doi.org/10.4081/gh.2025.1329

2601

PDF: 788

Supplementary Materials: 511

HTML: 236

Spatial association between socio-economic health service factors and sepsis mortality in Thailand

Juree Sansuk, Wongsa Laohasiriwong, Kittipong Sornlorm

https://doi.org/10.4081/gh.2023.1215

1303

PDF: 478

HTML: 30

Spatial association and modelling of under-5 mortality in Thailand, 2020

Suparerk Suerungruang, Kittipong Sornlorm, Wongsa Laohasiriwong, Roshan Kumar Mahato

https://doi.org/10.4081/gh.2023.1220

1209

PDF: 681

HTML: 35

Space-time cluster analysis of anemia in pregnant women in the province of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan (2014-2020)

Sami Ullah, SM Aqil Burney, Tariq Rasheed, Shamaila Burney, Mushtaq Ahmad Khan Barakzia

https://doi.org/10.4081/gh.2023.1192

982

PDF: 535

HTML: 21

Socio-spatial vulnerability index of type 2 diabetes mellitus in Mexico in 2020

Enríque Ibarra-Zapata, Darío Gaytán-Hernández, Yolanda Terán-Figueroa, Verónica Gallegos-García, Carmen del Pilar Suárez-Rodríguez, Sergio Zarazúa Guzmán, Omar Parra Rodríguez

https://doi.org/10.4081/gh.2025.1348

3623

PDF: 1315

HTML: 248

Socio-economic and environmental factors are related to acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease incidence in Thailand

Phuricha Phacharathonphakul, Kittipong Sornlorm

https://doi.org/10.4081/gh.2024.1300

1326

PDF: 322

HTML: 27

Sentiment analysis using a lexicon-based approach in Lisbon, Portugal

Iuria Betco, Ana Isabel Ribeiro, David S. Vale, Luis Encalada-Abarca, Cláudia M. Viana, Jorge Rocha

https://doi.org/10.4081/gh.2025.1344

755

PDF: 189

Supplementary Materials: 89

HTML: 61

Risk discrepancies in COVID-19-related community environments based on spatiotemporal monitoring

Jihong Zhang, Guohua Yin, Qiuhua Zhang, Juan Fang, Duo Jiang, Chao Yang, Na Sun

https://doi.org/10.4081/gh.2025.1286

665

PDF: 179

HTML: 74

Province clustering based on the percentage of communicable disease using the BCBimax biclustering algorithm

Muhammad Nur Aidi, Cynthia Wulandari, Sachnaz Desta Oktarina, Taufiqur Rakhim Aditra, Fitrah Ernawati, Efriwati Efriwati, Nunung Nurjanah, Rika Rachmawati, Elisa Diana Julianti, Dian Sundari, Fifi Retiaty, Aya Yuriestia Arifin, Rita Marleta Dewi, Nazarina Nazaruddin, Salimar Salimar, Noviati Fuada, Yekti Widodo, Budi Setyawati, Nuzuliyati Nurhidayati, Sudikno Sudikno, Irlina Raswanti Irawan, Widoretno Widoretno

https://doi.org/10.4081/gh.2023.1202

1473

PDF: 644

HTML: 96

Prioritizing the location of vaccination centres during the COVID-19 pandemic by bike in the Netherlands

Adel Al-Huraibi, Sherif Amer, Justine Blanford

https://doi.org/10.4081/gh.2025.1293

1549

PDF: 409

HTML: 77

Optimizing vaccination sites for infectious diseases based on heterogeneous travel modes in multiple scenarios

Wentao Yang, Fengjie Wang, Yihan You, Zhixiong Fang, Xing Wang, Xiaoming Mei

https://doi.org/10.4081/gh.2025.1362

1332

PDF: 243

HTML: 81

Optimizing allocation of colorectal cancer screening hospitals in Shanghai: a geospatial analysis

Jiaqi Huang, Yichen Chen, Gu Liu, Wei Tu, Robert Bergquist, Michael P. Ward, Jun Zhang, Shuang Xiao, Jie Hong, Zheng Zhao, Xiaopan Li, Zhijie Zhang

https://doi.org/10.4081/gh.2023.1152

1548

PDF: 791

Supplementary Materials: 76

HTML: 19

On the geographic access to healthcare, beyond proximity

Songyuan Deng, Kevin Bennett

https://doi.org/10.4081/gh.2023.1199

1851

PDF: 631

HTML: 52

Nigeria’s malaria prevalence in 2015: a geospatial, exploratory district-level approach

Mina Whyte, Kennedy Mwai Wambui, Eustasius Musenge

https://doi.org/10.4081/gh.2024.1243

925

PDF: 302

HTML: 59

Moran’s I and Geary’s C: investigation of the effects of spatial weight matrices for assessing the distribution of infectious diseases

Sarah Isnan, Ahmad Fikri bin Abdullah, Abdul Rashid Shariff, Iskandar Ishak, Sharifah Norkhadijah Syed Ismail, Maheshwara Rao Appanan

https://doi.org/10.4081/gh.2025.1277

889

PDF: 254

Supplementary materials: 102

HTML: 90

Mitigating infectious disease risks through non-stationary flood frequency analysis: a case study in Malaysia based on natural disaster reduction strategy

Nur Amalina Mat Jan, Muhammad Fadhil Marsani, Loshini Thiruchelvam, Nur Balqishanis Zainal Abidin, Ani Shabri, Sarah A'fifah Abdullah Sani

https://doi.org/10.4081/gh.2023.1236

1172

PDF: 530

HTML: 23

Mapping livestock systems, bovine and caprine diseases in Mayo-Kebbi Ouest Province, Chad

Kella Douzouné, Joseph Oloukoi, Ismaila Toko Imorou, Toure Gorgui Ba, Derrick Chefor Ymele Demeveng

https://doi.org/10.4081/gh.2025.1365

2980

PDF: 978

Supplementary Materials: 533

HTML: 180

Local healthcare resources associated with unmet healthcare needs in South Korea: a spatial analysis

Sang Min Lee, Dong Woo Huh, Young Gyu Kwon

https://doi.org/10.4081/gh.2025.1295

1592

PDF: 341

Supplementary materials: 127

HTML: 87

Land surface temperature predicts mortality due to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a study based on climate variables and impact machine learning

Alireza Mohammadi, Bardia Mashhoodi, Ali Shamsoddini, Elahe Pishgar, Robert Bergquist

https://doi.org/10.4081/gh.2025.1319

1574

PDF: 300

HTML: 72

Intra-urban differences underlying leprosy spatial distribution in central Brazil: geospatial techniques as potential tools for surveillance

Amanda G. Carvalho, Carolina Lorraine H. Dias, David J. Blok, Eliane Ignotti, João Gabriel G. Luz

https://doi.org/10.4081/gh.2023.1227

1115

PDF: 509

Supplementary Materials: 47

HTML: 11

Integrating agent-based disease, mobility and wastewater models for the study of the spread of communicable diseases

Néstor DelaPaz-Ruíz, Ellen-Wien Augustijn, Mahdi Farnaghi, Sheheen A. Abdulkareem, Raul Zurita Milla

https://doi.org/10.4081/gh.2025.1326

1778

PDF: 427

Supplementary Materials: 302

HTML: 202

Impacts of sample ratio and size on the performance of random forest model to predict the potential distribution of snail habitats

Yuanhua Liu, Jun Zhang, Michael P. Ward, Wei Tu, Lili Yu, Jin Shi, Yi Hu, Fenghua Gao, Zhiguo Cao, Zhijie Zhang

https://doi.org/10.4081/gh.2023.1151

1742

PDF: 659

Supplementary Materials: 74

HTML: 37

Impact of climate change on dengue fever: a bibliometric analysis

Mai Liu, Yin Zhang

https://doi.org/10.4081/gh.2025.1301

2097

PDF: 617

Supplementary Materials: 292

HTML: 88

Identification and mapping of objects targeted for surveillance and their role as risk factors for brucellosis in livestock farms in Kazakhstan

Aizada A. Mukhanbetkaliyeva, Ablaikhan S. Kadyrov, Yersyn Y. Mukhanbetkaliyev, Zhanat S. Adilbekov, Assylbek A. Zhanabayev, Assem Z. Abenova, Fedor I. Korennoy, Sarsenbay K. Abdrakhmanov

https://doi.org/10.4081/gh.2024.1335

1010

PDF: 312

HTML: 44

Identification and analysis of spatial access disparities related to primary healthcare in Batna City, Algeria

Ahmed Akakba, Belkacem Lahmar

https://doi.org/10.4081/gh.2023.1238

1443

PDF: 434

HTML: 33

Geospatial analysis in the United States reveals the changing roles of temperature on COVID-19 transmission

Ruiwen Xiong, Xiaolong Li

https://doi.org/10.4081/gh.2023.1213

1187

PDF: 586

HTML: 24

Geographical accessibility to healthcare by point-of–interest data from online maps: a comparative study

Heng-Qian Huang-fu, Nan Zhang, Li Wang, Hui-Juan Liang, Ben-Song Xian, Xiao-Fang Gan, Yingsi Lai

https://doi.org/10.4081/gh.2024.1322

858

PDF: 201

Supplementary Materials: 53

HTML: 7

Geographic distribution and demographic factors associated with use of a long-acting reversible contraceptive (LARC) in Ethiopia

Mintesnot Tenkir Teni, Travis Loux, Ness Sandoval, Anne Sebert Kuhlmann

https://doi.org/10.4081/gh.2025.1302

3194

PDF: 1160

HTML: 1139

From Snow’s map of cholera transmission to dynamic catchment boundary delineation: current front lines in spatial analysis

Behzad Kiani, Colleen Lau, Robert Bergquist

https://doi.org/10.4081/gh.2023.1247

1375

PDF: 617

HTML: 22

Exploring geomasking methods for geoprivacy: a pilot study in an environment with built features

Alok Tiwari, Sohail Ahmad, Emad Qurunflah, Mansour Helmi, Ayad Almaimani, Alaa Alaidroos, Majed Mustafa Hallawani

https://doi.org/10.4081/gh.2023.1205

910

PDF: 475

HTML: 139

Environmental and geographical factors influence malaria transmission in KwaZulu-Natal province, South Africa

Osadolor Ebhuoma, Michael Gebreslasie, Oswaldo Villena, Ali Arab

https://doi.org/10.4081/gh.2025.1370

395

PDF: 85

HTML: 3

Design and implementation of a spatial database for analysis of wheelchair accessibility

Peter Nezval, Takeshi Shirabe

https://doi.org/10.4081/gh.2025.1324

1155

PDF: 258

HTML: 83

Dengue risk-mapping in an Amazonian locality in Colombia based on regression and multi-criteria analysis

Maria Camila Lesmes , Alvaro Ávila-Díaz, Erika Santamaría, Carlos Andrés Morales , Horacio Cadena, Patricia Fuya, Nicolas Frutos, Ximena Porcasi, Catalina Marceló-Díaz

https://doi.org/10.4081/gh.2025.1292

484

PDF: 165

HTML: 1

Correction. Spatial cluster analysis of COVID-19 in Malaysia (Mar-Sep, 2020)

The Publisher

https://doi.org/10.4081/gh.2023.1233

919

Correction. Detecting space-time disease clusters with arbitrary shapes and sizes using a co-clustering approach.

The Publisher

https://doi.org/10.4081/gh.2023.1232

787

Association of socioeconomic indicators with COVID-19 mortality in Brazil: a population-based ecological study

João Batista Cavalcante Filho, Marco Aurélio de Oliveira Góes, Damião da Conceição Araújo, Marcus Valerius da Silva Peixoto, Marco Antônio Prado Nunes

https://doi.org/10.4081/gh.2023.1206

1594

PDF: 666

Supplementary Materials: 62

HTML: 31

Associating socio-economic factors with access to public healthcare facilities using geographically weighted regression in the city of Tshwane, South Africa

Thabiso Moeti, Tholang Mokhele, Solomon Tesfamichael

https://doi.org/10.4081/gh.2024.1288

1215

PDF: 369

HTML: 57

Assessment of the supply/demand balance of medical resources in Beijing from the perspective of hierarchical diagnosis and treatment

Yuehan Jiang, Xinyu Cai, Yanhui Wang, Junwu Dong, Mengqin Yang

https://doi.org/10.4081/gh.2023.1228

1177

PDF: 525

HTML: 97

Application of geospatial information systems (GIS) for assessment of the distribution of periodontal disease in Makassar City, South Sulawesi Province, Indonesia

Fuad Husain Akbar, Nur Amaliyah Riyadh

https://doi.org/10.4081/gh.2023.1240

1293

PDF: 437

HTML: 9

An investigation of geographical clusters of leptospirosis during the outbreak in Pangandaran, West Java, Indonesia

Mutiara Widawati, Pandji Wibawa Dhewantara, Raras Anasi, Tri Wahono, Rina Marina, Intan Pandu Pertiwi, Agus Ari Wibowo, Andri Ruliansyah, Muhammad Umar Riandi, Dyah Widiastuti, Endang Puji Astuti

https://doi.org/10.4081/gh.2023.1221

1437

PDF: 706

HTML: 24

A geospatial analysis of cardiometabolic diseases and their risk factors considering environmental features in a midsized city in Argentina

Micaela Natalia Campero, Carlos Matías Scavuzzo, Veronica Andreo, María Sol Mileo, Micaela Belén Franzois, María Georgina Oberto, Carla Gonzalez Rodriguez, María Daniela Defagó

https://doi.org/10.4081/gh.2023.1212

1160

PDF: 600

HTML: 13

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